POSITION STATEMENT DÉCLARATION DE POSITION International Federation for Emergency Medicine Consensus Statement: Sonography in hypotension and cardiac arrest (SHoC): An international consensus on the use of point of care ultrasound for undifferentiated hypotension and during cardiac arrest
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چکیده
Introduction: The International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM) Ultrasound Special Interest Group (USIG) was tasked with development of a hierarchical consensus approach to the use of point of care ultrasound (PoCUS) in patients with hypotension and cardiac arrest. Methods: The IFEM USIG invited 24 recognized international leaders in PoCUS from emergency medicine and critical care to form an expert panel to develop the sonography in hypotension and cardiac arrest (SHoC) protocol. The panel was provided with reported disease incidence, along with a list of recommended PoCUS views from previously published protocols and guidelines. Using a modified Delphi methodology the panel was tasked with integrating the disease incidence, their clinical experience and their knowledge of the medical literature to evaluate what role each view should play in the proposed SHoC protocol. Results: Consensus on the SHoC protocols for hypotension and cardiac arrest was reached after three rounds of the modified Delphi process. The final SHoC protocol and operator checklist received over 80% consensus approval. The IFEM-approved final protocol, recommend Core, Supplementary, and Additional PoCUS views. SHoChypotension core views consist of cardiac, lung, and inferior vena vaca (IVC) views, with supplementary cardiac views, and additional views when clinically indicated. Subxiphoid or parasternal cardiac views, minimizing pauses in chest compressions, are recommended as core views for SHoC-cardiac arrest; supplementary views are lung and IVC, with additional views when clinically indicated. Both protocols recommend use of the “4 F” approach: fluid, form, function, filling. Conclusion: An international consensus on sonography in hypotension and cardiac arrest is presented. Future prospective validation is required. RÉSUMÉ Introduction: Le groupe d’intérêt particulier pour l’échographie de l’International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM) s’est vu confier la tâche d’élaborer une démarche hiérarchique consensuelle, relativement à l’utilisation de l’échographie au point de service (EPS) dans les cas d’hypotension ou dans les cas d’arrêt cardiaque. Méthode: Le groupe d’intérêt a invité 24 sommités en matière d’EPS à l’échelle internationale, provenant des services de médecine d’urgence et de soins intensifs, pour former un groupe d’experts afin d’élaborer un protocole sur l’utilisation de l’échographie dans les cas d’hypotension et dans les cas d’arrêt cardiaque. On a fourni au groupe d’experts l’incidence des maladies concernées ainsi qu’une liste de recommandations sur des prises de vue par EPS, tirées de protocoles et de lignes directrices déjà publiés. Par la suite, on a demandé au groupe d’intégrer l’incidence des maladies concernées, leur expérience clinique et leur connaissance de la documentation médicale en la matière afin d’évaluer, selon une version modifiée de la méthode Delphi, le rôle de chacune des prises de vue dans le protocole SHoC (« Sonography in hypotension and cardiac arrest ») proposé. Résultats: Le groupe en est arrivé à un consensus, après trois tours de sondage selon la version modifiée de la méthode Delphi, sur le protocole SHoC à appliquer dans les cas d’hypotension et dans les cas d’arrêt cardiaque. La version définitive du protocole ainsi que la liste de vérification des opérateurs ont été approuvées après avoir fait l’objet d’un consensus plus de 80 % des membres. Des prises de vue par EPS, divisées en catégories de base, supplémentaire et additionnelle, sont recommandées dans le protocole définitif, approuvé par l’IFEM. Les prises de vue de base dans les cas d’hypotension comprennent des clichés du cœur, des poumons et de la veine cave inférieure (VCI), complétés par ventricular form (e.g., right heart strain) and function, (e.g., asystole versus organized cardiac activity). Supplementary views consisting of lung (for sliding or fluid) and IVC views; with Additional views such as confirmation of endotracheal tube placement or exclusion of aortic aneurysm performed when clinically indicated. An operational checklist for the use of PoCUS during cardiac arrest is provided and includes the following key steps:
منابع مشابه
Sonography in Hypotension and Cardiac Arrest (SHoC): Rates of Abnormal Findings in Undifferentiated Hypotension and During Cardiac Arrest as a Basis for Consensus on a Hierarchical Point of Care Ultrasound Protocol
INTRODUCTION Point of care ultrasound (PoCUS) has become an established tool in the initial management of patients with undifferentiated hypotension. Current established protocols (RUSH and ACES) were developed by expert user opinion, rather than objective, prospective data. PoCUS also provides invaluable information during resuscitation efforts in cardiac arrest by determining presence/absence...
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